Engine cylinder and crank-case construction.



C. M. MOHLER.

ENGINE CYLINDER AND CRANK CASE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20.1917.

Patented Apr. 8, 1919.

66am MM C272 772/2119.

CHARLES M. MOHLER, 0F HAGE IRSTOWN, INDIANA.

ENGINE CYLINDER ANlD CRANK-CASE CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 8, 1919.

Application filed July 20, 1917. Serial No. 181,826.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES M. MorILnu, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hagerstown, in the county of Wayne and State of Indiana, have invented certaln new and useful Improvements in Engine Cylinder and Crank-Case Constructions, of

which the following is a. specification.-

This invention relates to engine cylinder and crank case constructions as applied particularly to automobile motors, and it has for its object the production of a crank case having an upper portion of special construction, and a cylinder and head of particular formation, the head being supported upon the crank case and the cylinder lying within the case. The cylinders are believed to be made in a novel shape in that the wall or barrel of the cylinder is a plain sleeve and is cast integral with the head, without the customary outer wall and water jacket. The head of the cylinder is chambered to provide the necessary inlet and exhaust passages and adequate water space. The head rests above and upon the case with which it has a water and gas tight connection affected in any chosen manner, and the case is also chambered and its chambers are in communication with the corresponding chambers of the A heal. It is thought that the special construction comprising this invention results in a motor simpler in design, very reliable, materially cheaper to manufacture, and unusually light in weight for the power developed, when compared with engines of like nature and purpose with which this applicant is acquainted.

The particular construction and arrangement of parts comprising this invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1 represents an end view of a motor made in accordance with this invention. one of the cylinders and a. portion of the crank case are shown in vertical section. The engine illustrated is of the so-called V type. Fig. 2 is an external end view of one of the sets of heads and cylinders, removed from the case. .Fig. 3 is an end view of the upper portion of the crank case, one side or cylinder-containing or receiving part of the case being illustrated in vertical section. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the heads of a customary set of three cylinders cast together. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail View of the oil-distributing tubes and their support as shown in Fig. 1.

Throughout the description and drawings the same letter is employed to refer to the same part.

Considering the drawings, the upper portion of a crank case, which is the pa-rtconcerned with this invention, has a body A from which arise outwardly inclined walls on opposite sides, as best shown in Fig. 3. The outer inc-lined wall a of the case extends upwardly to an outwardly and downwardly inclined top surface of the case lying on the line 13-42. Within the side wall a of the case is a space that may be termed the container or receiving space for the cylinder C. The cylinder is usually cast in one piece with the head D, and sets com prising three cylinders andtheir heads may be cast together, as illustrated in Fig. 4. The head D is chambered, one of the chambers openin directly into the top of the cylinder and referred to by the letter (Z in Fig. 1. Valves such as the valve E shown in Fig. 1 control openings into the chamber cl, and the spark plugs such as the plug 6 also project into or adjacent to the chamber d. The chamber 03 is in fact the compression and explosion chamber, and, as stated, it opens directly into the top of the cylinder C. There is an entire absence of indirector tortuous passages of any kind in the service to the cylinder of the high pressure gases-due to the explosion, and the exhaust thereof is equally direct and tree.

In Figs. 1; and 2 will be noted near the bottom or mouth of the cylinder C, an encircling enlargement F. The enlargement F fits an opening f formed in a portion of an internal wall or partition G within the case. The joint between the cylinder and the opening is made gas tight by any selected means such as the pacln'ng g, which is compressed by the nuts H, of annular shape engaging the threads 71. in the lower part of the opening f, and best shown in onsidering Figs. 1 and 5, there will be noted the cam shaft J supported in a bearing j. The cam shaft extends lengthwise within the upper portion of the case A, and the bearing 3' has a dropped portion K. The dropped portion K of the cam shaft bearing forms a bearing for two revoluble tubes k and Z, the latter fitting within the former tube. These tubes extend parboth tubes is and Z are turned together, the

oil will be directed in another direction, as may be desired.

As best illustrated in Fig. 4, which is a top plan view of the cylinder heads, the cylinders may advantageously be cast in sets of three together with the chambered heads, and bolt holes N and n are provided and appropriately located by which the heads. may be secured to the crank case.

' As set forth in Figs. 1' and 3, both the crank case and the cylinder heads have chambers and when the heads and case are suitably joined, the chambers are in communication. That is to say, the water spaces are arranged together, and, from the carbureter connection 0 at the side of the case, the gas flows by way of the internal conduit indicated into the gas manifold P formed on the interior of the case, and from which the gas may pass by way of the passage Q into the chamber d at the top of the cylinder and already described. It will be understobd that the inlet port for the gas is controlled by a valve in all respects like the valve E illustrated in Fig. 1. The particular form or position of the chambers in the head and case of this invention are not intended as limiting the invention to those forms, which may clearly be changed in various ways within the purview of the invention provided both the cylinder heads and the crank case be correspondingly chambered.

Having now described this invention and explained the mode of its operation, what I claim is 1.- In a cylinder and crank case construction, the combination with a cylinder having a head constructed with chambers and projecting at the sides beyond the cylinder, of a crank case having a portion extended upwardly and surrounding the said cylinder whereby a water space is formed about the cylinder, the said water space opening upwardly, the projecting portions of the cylinder head resting upon the said upwardlyextended portion of the crankcase at the top thereof, means for forming a watertight connectionbetween the lower end of the cylindexand the interior of the said surrounding portion of the crank case, thesaid upwardly-extended portion of the crank case having a gas passage opening upwardly, and the said chambers of the cylinder head having openings in the said projecting. portions of the cylinder head arranged in communication with the said water space about the cylinder and with the said gas passage.

2. In a V-type cylinder and crank case construction, the combination with cylinders having heads constructed with chambers and projecting at the sides beyond the cylinders, of a crank case having divergent portions extended upwardly and surrounding the said cylinders whereby a water space is formed around each cylinder, the said water spaces opening upwardly, the projecting portions of the cylinder heads resting upon the said upwardly-extended portions of the crank case at the top thereof, means for forming a watertight connection between the lower ends of the cylinders and the interiors of the said surrounding portions vof the crank case, each of the said upwardly-extended portions of the crank case having a gas passage opening upwardly, and the said chambers of the cylinder heads having openings in the projecting portions of the cylinder heads in communication with the said water spaces about the cylinders and 'with the said gas passages.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

. CHARLES M. MOHLER. 

